idle中运行模块命令的快捷键是F
这个是idle： 这个是Python (command line) ： idle是GUI形式，command line是命令提示符形式，都是和Python解释器交互的手段。 Module Docs 模块手册 意思是Python各种模块的说明书
idle中新建代码编辑文档使用的快捷键是
答，
1.常用快捷键: Ctrl + [ 、Ctrl + ] 缩进代码 2、Alt+3 Alt+4 注释、取消注释代码行 3、...Alt+5 Alt+6 切换缩进方式
3空格Tab ...Alt+/ 单词完成,只要文中出现过,就可以帮你...
4、Alt+C 打开类浏览器,方便在源码文件中的。
使用idle运行程序的两种方式
system：这是一个进程树，隶属于System Idle Process
Csrss.exe：这是子系统服务器进程，负责控制Windows创建或删除线程以及16位的虚拟DOS环境
System Idle Process：这个进程是作为单线程运行在每个处理器上，并在系统不处理其它线程的时候分派处理器的时间。
Smss.exe：这是一个会话管理子系统，负责启动用户会话。
WinLogon.exe是Windows NT登陆管理器。它用于处理你系统的登陆和登陆过程
lsass.exe是一个系统进程，用于微软Windows系统的安全机制。它用于本地安全和登陆策略
idle执行快捷键
用IDLE(Python GUI)=python shell运行.py文件工具/原料安装Python2.7版本的软件在开始程序中找到Python 2.7方法/步骤1方式1：1.1打开IDLE(Python GUI)--->File--->open1.2Run--->Run Module 快捷键F52方式2：2.1选中要执行的X.py文件--->右键--->选择edit with idle--->按键盘F5执行代码。
在idle编辑器中运行程序的快捷键是
python编辑器：
IDLE是开发python程序的基本IDE（集成开发环境），具备基本的IDE的功能，是非商业Python开发的不错的选择。集成环境也可以称为编辑器，就是编写代码的软件。
当安装好python以后，IDLE就自动安装好了，不需要另外去找。同时，使用Eclipse这个强大的框架时IDLE也可以非常方便的调试Python程序。
idle中运行模块命令的快捷键是
linux dmesg命令参数及用法详解(linux显示开机信息命令)
功能说明：显示开机信息。
语 法：dmesg [-cn][-s <缓冲区大小>]
补充说明：kernel会将开机信息存储在ring buffer中。您若是开机时来不及查看信息，可利用dmesg来查看。开机信息亦保存在/var/log目录中，名称为dmesg的文件里。
参 数：
-c 显示信息后，清除ring buffer中的内容。
-s<缓冲区大小> 预设置为8196，刚好等于ring buffer的大小。
-n 设置记录信息的层级。扩展阅读一:dmesg命令主要用途
主要应用：
dmesg用来显示内核环缓冲区（kernel-ring buffer）内容，内核将各种消息存放在这里。在系统引导时，内核将与硬件和模块初始化相关的信息填到这个缓冲区中。内核环缓冲区中的消息对于诊断系统问题 通常非常有用。在运行dmesg时，它显示大量信息。通常通过less或grep使用管道查看dmesg的输出，这样可以更容易找到待查信息。例如，如果发现硬盘性能低下，可以使用dmesg来检查它们是否运行在DMA模式：
$dmesg | grep DMA
...
ide0: BM-DMA at 0xf000-0xf007, BIOS settings: hda:DMA, hdb:DMA
ide1: BM-DMA at 0xf008-0xf00f, BIOS settings: hdc:DMA, hdd:DMA
...上面几行可以说明每个IDE设备正在什么模式下运行。如果以太网连接出现问题，那么可以在dmesg日志中搜索eth：
$dmesg | grep eth
forcedeth.c: Reverse Engineered nForce
ethernet driver. Version 0.49.
eth0: forcedeth.c: subsystem: 0147b:1c00
bound to 0000:00:04.0
eth0: no IPv6 routers present如果一切正常，那么dmesg显示每个网卡的硬件配置信息。如果某项系统服务未能得到正确的配置，dmesg日志很快就填满错误消息，这是诊断故障的良好起点。
还可以用来探测系统内核模块的加载情况，比如要检测ACPI的加载情况，使用dmesg | grep acpi
dmesg |egrep -i ''(apm|acpi)''
Kernel command line: vga=274 quiet console=ttyS3,9600acpi=no-idleoot=/dev/hda3
ACPI: Core Subsystem version [20010208]
ACPI: Subsystem enabled
ACPI: System firmware supports: C2
ACPI: plvl2lat=99 plvl3lat=1001
ACPI: C2 enter=1417 C2 exit=354
ACPI: C3 enter=-1 C3 exit=-1
ACPI: Not using ACPI idle
ACPI: System firmware supports: S0 S1 S4 S5
扩展阅读二：dmesg命令使用示例
使用示例
示例一 将开机信息发邮件
man dmesg 写道
The program helps users to print out their bootup messages. Instead of copying the messages by hand, the user need only:
dmesg > boot.messages
and mail the boot.messages file to whoever can debug their problem.
[root@new55 ~]# dmesg >boot.messages
[root@new55 ~]# ls -l boot.messages
-rw-r--r-- 1 root root 15838 12-09 12 begin_of_the_skype_highlighting
15838 12-09 12 免费 end_of_the_skype_highlighting:55 boot.messages[root@new55 ~]# mail -s "Boot Log of Linux Server" public@web3q.net <boot.messages
[root@new55 ~]#示例二 浏览dmesg输出的信息
[root@new55 ~]# uname -a
Linux new55 2.6.18-194.el5 #1 SMP Tue Mar 16 21:52:43 EDT 2010 i686 i686 i386 GNU/Linux[root@new55 ~]# dmesg | less
Linux version 2.6.18-194.el5 (mockbuild@x86-007.build.bos.redhat.com) (gcc version 4.1.2 20080704 (Red Hat 4.1.2-48)) #1 SMP Tue Mar 16 21:52:43 EDT 2010
BIOS-provided physical RAM map:
BIOS-e820: 0000000000010000 - 000000000009fc00 (usable)
BIOS-e820: 000000000009fc00 - 00000000000a0000 (reserved)
BIOS-e820: 00000000000e0000 - 0000000000100000 (reserved)
BIOS-e820: 0000000000100000 - 000000001f7d0000 (usable)
BIOS-e820: 000000001f7d0000 - 000000001f7efc00 (reserved)
BIOS-e820: 000000001f7efc00 - 000000001f7fb000 (ACPI NVS)
BIOS-e820: 000000001f7fb000 - 000000001f800000 (reserved)
BIOS-e820: 00000000e0000000 - 00000000f0000000 (reserved)
BIOS-e820: 00000000fec00000 - 00000000fec02000 (reserved)
BIOS-e820: 00000000fed20000 - 00000000fed9b000 (reserved)
BIOS-e820: 00000000feda0000 - 00000000fedc0000 (reserved)
BIOS-e820: 00000000ffb00000 - 00000000ffc00000 (reserved)
BIOS-e820: 00000000fff00000 - 0000000100000000 (reserved)
0MB HIGHMEM available.
503MB LOWMEM available.
Memory for crash kernel (0x0 to 0x0) notwithin permissible range
disabling kdump
Using x86 segment limits to approximate NX protection
On node 0 totalpages: 128976
DMA zone: 4096 pages, LIFO batch:0
Normal zone: 124880 pages, LIFO batch:31
DMI 2.3 present.
Using APIC driver default
ACPI: RSDP (v000 HP ) @ 0x000fe270
ACPI: RSDT (v001 HP 30C4 0x31100620 HP 0x00000001) @ 0x1f7efc84
ACPI: FADT (v002 HP 30C4 0x00000002 HP 0x00000001) @ 0x1f7efc00
ACPI: MADT (v001 HP 30C4 0x00000001 HP 0x00000001) @ 0x1f7efcb8
ACPI: MCFG (v001 HP 30C4 0x00000001 HP 0x00000001) @ 0x1f7efd14
ACPI: SSDT (v001 HP HPQPpc 0x00001001 MSFT 0x0100000e) @ 0x1f7f6698
ACPI: DSDT (v001 HP DAU00 0x00010000 MSFT 0x0100000e) @ 0x00000000
ACPI: PM-Timer IO Port: 0x1008
ACPI: Local APIC address 0xfec01000
ACPI: LAPIC (acpi_id[0x01] lapic_id[0x00] enabled)
Processor #0 6:13 APIC version 20
ACPI: LAPIC_NMI (acpi_id[0x01] high edge lint[0x1])
ACPI: IOAPIC (id[0x01] address[0xfec00000] gsi_base[0])
IOAPIC[0]: apic_id 1, version 32, address 0xfec00000, GSI 0-23
:
示例三 查看dmesg尾部的信息
[root@new55 ~]# dmesg | tail
Bluetooth: L2CAP ver 2.8
Bluetooth: L2CAP socket layer initialized
Bluetooth: RFCOMM socket layer initialized
Bluetooth: RFCOMM TTY layer initialized
Bluetooth: RFCOMM ver 1.8
Bluetooth: HIDP (Human Interface Emulation) ver 1.1
eth0: no IPv6 routers present
Installing knfsd (copyright (C) 1996 okir@monad.swb.de).
NFSD: Using /var/lib/nfs/v4recovery as the NFSv4 state recovery directory
NFSD: starting 90-second grace period
[root@new55 ~]#
示例四 安装SS7卡驱动时的内核日志
[root@localhost ss7dpklnx]# cd SS7HD_DRIVER/
[root@localhost SS7HD_DRIVER]# ls
bbdddlnx_iss.h bbd_hbi.h bbd_ioc.c bbd_isr.c bbd_pci.c BSD_license.txt GPL_V2-only_license.txt install_ss7hd.sh Makefile26
bbd_def.h bbd_hs.c bbd_ioc.h bbd_lnx.c bbd_pro.h build_ss7hd.sh i21555.h Makefile24
[root@localhost SS7HD_DRIVER]# ./build_ss7hd.sh
make: Entering directory `/usr/src/kernels/2.6.9-22.EL-i686'
CC [M] /root/setup/ss7dpklnx/SS7HD_DRIVER/bbd_hs.o
CC [M] /root/setup/ss7dpklnx/SS7HD_DRIVER/bbd_ioc.o
CC [M] /root/setup/ss7dpklnx/SS7HD_DRIVER/bbd_isr.o
CC [M] /root/setup/ss7dpklnx/SS7HD_DRIVER/bbd_pci.o
CC [M] /root/setup/ss7dpklnx/SS7HD_DRIVER/bbd_lnx.o
LD [M] /root/setup/ss7dpklnx/SS7HD_DRIVER/ss7hddvr26.o
Building modules, stage 2.
MODPOST
CC /root/setup/ss7dpklnx/SS7HD_DRIVER/ss7hddvr26.mod.o
LD [M] /root/setup/ss7dpklnx/SS7HD_DRIVER/ss7hddvr26.ko
make: Leaving directory `/usr/src/kernels/2.6.9-22.EL-i686'http://www.linuxso.com/command/dmesg.html[root@localhost SS7HD_DRIVER]# ./install_ss7hd.sh
[root@localhost SS7HD_DRIVER]# lsmod | grep ss7
ss7hddvr26 25808 0
[root@localhost SS7HD_DRIVER]# dmesg | tail
ACPI: PCI interrupt 0000:02:0d.0[?] -> GSI 9 (level, low) -> IRQ 9
BBD[0] 64bit
SS7HD[0] - suspend
Dialogic SS7HD Device Driver V100.00 (Source V1.21)
Copyright (C) Dialogic Corporation 2003-2010. All Rights Reserved
Using major device number 251.
ACPI: PCI interrupt 0000:02:0d.0[?] -> GSI 9 (level, low) -> IRQ 9
BBD[0] 64bit
[root@localhost SS7HD_DRIVER]# ./install_ss7hd.sh remove
[root@localhost SS7HD_DRIVER]# lsmod | grep ss7
[root@localhost SS7HD_DRIVER]# dmesg | tail
BBD[0] 64bit
SS7HD[0] - suspend
Dialogic SS7HD Device Driver V100.00 (Source V1.21)
Copyright (C) Dialogic Corporation 2003-2010. All Rights Reserved
Using major device number 251.
ACPI: PCI interrupt 0000:02:0d.0[?] -> GSI 9 (level, low) -> IRQ 9
BBD[0] 64bit
SS7HD[0] - suspend
[root@localhost SS7HD_DRIVER]#
示例五 打印并清除内核环形缓冲区
[root@new55 ~]# dmesg -c
Linux version 2.6.18-194.el5 (mockbuild@x86-007.build.bos.redhat.com) (gcc version 4.1.2 20080704 (Red Hat 4.1.2-48)) #1 SMP Tue Mar 16 21:52:43 EDT 2010
BIOS-provided physical RAM map:
BIOS-e820: 0000000000010000 - 000000000009fc00 (usable)
BIOS-e820: 000000000009fc00 - 00000000000a0000 (reserved)
BIOS-e820: 00000000000e0000 - 0000000000100000 (reserved)
BIOS-e820: 0000000000100000 - 000000001f7d0000 (usable)
BIOS-e820: 000000001f7d0000 - 000000001f7efc00 (reserved)
BIOS-e820: 000000001f7efc00 - 000000001f7fb000 (ACPI NVS)
BIOS-e820: 000000001f7fb000 - 000000001f800000 (reserved)
BIOS-e820: 00000000e0000000 - 00000000f0000000 (reserved)
BIOS-e820: 00000000fec00000 - 00000000fec02000 (reserved)
BIOS-e820: 00000000fed20000 - 00000000fed9b000 (reserved)
BIOS-e820: 00000000feda0000 - 00000000fedc0000 (reserved)
BIOS-e820: 00000000ffb00000 - 00000000ffc00000 (reserved)
BIOS-e820: 00000000fff00000 - 0000000100000000 (reserved)
0MB HIGHMEM available.
503MB LOWMEM available.
Memory for crash kernel (0x0 to 0x0) notwithin permissible range
disabling kdump
Using x86 segment limits to approximate NX protection
On node 0 totalpages: 128976
DMA zone: 4096 pages, LIFO batch:0
Normal zone: 124880 pages, LIFO batch:31
DMI 2.3 present.省略输出
Bluetooth: HIDP (Human Interface Emulation) ver 1.1
eth0: no IPv6 routers present
Installing knfsd (copyright (C) 1996 okir@monad.swb.de).
NFSD: Using /var/lib/nfs/v4recovery as the NFSv4 state recovery directory
NFSD: starting 90-second grace period
[root@new55 ~]# dmesg[root@new55 ~]# less /var/log/dmesg
Linux version 2.6.18-194.el5 (mockbuild@x86-007.build.bos.redhat.com) (gcc version 4.1.2 20080704 (Red Hat 4.1.2-48)) #1 SMP Tue Mar 16 21:52:43 EDT 2010
BIOS-provided physical RAM map:
BIOS-e820: 0000000000010000 - 000000000009fc00 (usable)
BIOS-e820: 000000000009fc00 - 00000000000a0000 (reserved)
BIOS-e820: 00000000000e0000 - 0000000000100000 (reserved)
BIOS-e820: 0000000000100000 - 000000001f7d0000 (usable)
BIOS-e820: 000000001f7d0000 - 000000001f7efc00 (reserved)
BIOS-e820: 000000001f7efc00 - 000000001f7fb000 (ACPI NVS)
BIOS-e820: 000000001f7fb000 - 000000001f800000 (reserved)
BIOS-e820: 00000000e0000000 - 00000000f0000000 (reserved)
BIOS-e820: 00000000fec00000 - 00000000fec02000 (reserved)
BIOS-e820: 00000000fed20000 - 00000000fed9b000 (reserved)
BIOS-e820: 00000000feda0000 - 00000000fedc0000 (reserved)
BIOS-e820: 00000000ffb00000 - 00000000ffc00000 (reserved)
BIOS-e820: 00000000fff00000 - 0000000100000000 (reserved)
0MB HIGHMEM available.
503MB LOWMEM available.
Memory for crash kernel (0x0 to 0x0) notwithin permissible range
disabling kdump
Using x86 segment limits to approximate NX protection
On node 0 totalpages: 128976
DMA zone: 4096 pages, LIFO batch:0
Normal zone: 124880 pages, LIFO batch:31
DMI 2.3 present.
Using APIC driver default
ACPI: RSDP (v000 HP ) @ 0x000fe270
ACPI: RSDT (v001 HP 30C4 0x31100620 HP 0x00000001) @ 0x1f7efc84
ACPI: FADT (v002 HP 30C4 0x00000002 HP 0x00000001) @ 0x1f7efc00
ACPI: MADT (v001 HP 30C4 0x00000001 HP 0x00000001) @ 0x1f7efcb8
ACPI: MCFG (v001 HP 30C4 0x00000001 HP 0x00000001) @ 0x1f7efd14
ACPI: SSDT (v001 HP HPQPpc 0x00001001 MSFT 0x0100000e) @ 0x1f7f6698
ACPI: DSDT (v001 HP DAU00 0x00010000 MSFT 0x0100000e) @ 0x00000000
ACPI: PM-Timer IO Port: 0x1008
ACPI: Local APIC address 0xfec01000
ACPI: LAPIC (acpi_id[0x01] lapic_id[0x00] enabled)
Processor #0 6:13 APIC version 20
ACPI: LAPIC_NMI (acpi_id[0x01] high edge lint[0x1])
ACPI: IOAPIC (id[0x01] address[0xfec00000] gsi_base[0])
IOAPIC[0]: apic_id 1, version 32, address 0xfec00000, GSI 0-23
[root@new55 ~]#
idle环境下运行程序的快捷键是
安装Python2.7版本的软件
在开始程序中找到Python 2.7方法/步骤
方式1：打开IDLE(Python GUI)--->File--->open 1.2Run--->Run Module 快捷键F5
方式2： 选中要执行的X.py文件--->右键--->选择edit with idle--->按键盘F5执行代码。
在IDLE下也可以用import来运行文件。如运行test.py文件：improt test
但是对于一个文件，improt只能在第一次导入时运行文件。在第一次导入之后，其他的导入都不会再工作，甚至在另一个窗口中改变并保存了模块的源代码文件也不行。实验了下，发现重启IDEL后依然不行。这是有意设计的结果。导入是一个开销很大的操作以至于每个程序不能够重复多于1次。
但如果想要python在同一次会话中再次运行文件，需要用内置的reload（重载）函数。
调用格式是：reload(test)
IDLE菜单中创建新文件的快捷键是()
在Visual Studio里、在Android Studio里都可以通过Shift+Tab来取消缩进。
Python自带的IDE的取消缩进是通过 Ctrl+[ 来进行的
如果你不习惯这种缩进办法，可以在Python的IDE里进行修改，修改快捷键方法如下：
Options -> Configure IDLE -> Keys -> Custom - Key(s)下的dedent-region -> getNewKeysForSelection ->输入你要的快捷键 -> OK -> 给你的新快捷键表起个名字 -> OK -> Apply -> OK
